Crude oil is vapourised and fed into the bottom of the fractionating column. As the vapour rises up the column, the temperature falls. Fractions with different boiling points condense at different levels of the column and can be collected. The direct catalytic cracking of Arab Extra Light (AXL) crude oil was conducted in a microactivity test (MAT) unit at 550 °C, where product recycling was simulated by mixing feed and liquid products in varying proportions. Typical modern catalytic cracking reactors operate at 480–550 °C (900–1,020 °F) and at relatively low pressures of 0.7 to 1.4 bars (70 to 140 KPa), or 10 to 20 psi. At first natural silica-alumina clays were used as catalysts, but by the mid-1970s zeolitic and molecular sieve-based catalysts became common. 5.12 recall that fractional distillation of crude oil produces more long-chain Hydrocarbons than can be used directly and fewer short-chain hydrocarbons than required 5.13 describe how long-chain Alkanes are converted to Alkenes and shorter-chain Alkanes by catalytic cracking , using Silica or Alumina as the catalyst and a temperature in the range of 600–700°C. Fluid catalytic cracking, or FCC, is the last step in the evolution of cat cracking processes-- also introduced in 1942, just like TCC or Thermafor Cat Cracking, during the Second World War in an effort to make high-octane number gasoline.

Typical modern catalytic cracking reactors operate at 480–550 °C (900–1,020 °F) and at relatively low pressures of 0.7 to 1.4 bars (70 to 140 KPa), or 10 to 20 psi. At first natural silica-alumina clays were used as catalysts, but by the mid-1970s zeolitic and molecular sieve-based catalysts became common.

The direct catalytic cracking system includes a moving catalyst bed reactor having Natural gas, liquid condensates and crude oils have hydrocarbon fractions  Petroleum refining - Petroleum refining - Catalytic cracking: The use of thermal cracking units to convert gas oils into naphtha dates from before 1920. Thus the various fractions obtained from the distillation of crude oil and the Steam cracking which produces high yields of alkenes; Catalytic cracking in which 

The catalyst was hematite structure and useful for decomposition and desulfurization of residual oil. After lattice oxygen of iron oxide reacted with heavy oil fraction 

According to the fractional content the feed shall correspond to the following The most of vacuum gas oils underwent the catalytic cracking process; the content 

Catalytic cracking processes heavy long-chain fractions obtained in larger quantities than required. A mixture of the vapourised fraction and a zeolite catalyst are 

Thus the various fractions obtained from the distillation of crude oil and the Steam cracking which produces high yields of alkenes; Catalytic cracking in which  The source of the large hydrocarbon molecules is often the naphtha fraction or the gas oil fraction from the fractional distillation of crude oil (petroleum).

6 Sep 2015 Fractional distillation of crude oil works because different Catalytic cracking and thermal cracking of petroleum fractions produce different 

Petroleum refining - Petroleum refining - Catalytic cracking: The use of thermal cracking units to convert gas oils into naphtha dates from before 1920. Thus the various fractions obtained from the distillation of crude oil and the Steam cracking which produces high yields of alkenes; Catalytic cracking in which  The source of the large hydrocarbon molecules is often the naphtha fraction or the gas oil fraction from the fractional distillation of crude oil (petroleum).

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